| PLLA [4] -[6] [14] -[16] [19] [21] -[24] [27] [29] -[34] [52] | CaHA [6] [7] [18] [25] [35] -[38] [40] [41] [47] [49] -[53] | |
| Approved in Europe | 1999 | 2004 |
| Approved in the | 2004 | 2006 |
| Applications in the US (2012) | 139,038 | 277,346 |
| Treatments (manufacturer’s information) | 1 - 4 sessions per area | no response |
| Unit | 2 × 150 mg dry substance, sterile water | 0.3; 0.5 and 1; 5 mL in disposable syringes |
| Areas | NLF Cheeks Peritoneal region Dark circles under the eyes Marionette lines Temporal region Upper lip Chin Mentolabial fold | NLF Cheeks Peritoneal region Dark circles under the eyes Marionette lines Temporal region Mentolabial fold Corner of the mouth Glabella line |
| Layer of the skin | Subcutis | Subcutis |
| Degradation | Hydrolysis, Red-ox reaction to Co2 and acetyl coenzyme A or oxalacetate | Degradation to calcium and phosphate |
| Modes of action | induction of foreign body reaction, new collagen formation | Fibroblast stimulation, new collagen formation |
| Preparation (manufacturer’s information) | Suspension in 5 ml sterile water at least 2 hours prior to the planned injection | Pre-filled syringe |
| Duration of the effect (Manufacturer’s information) | >24 months | > 12 months |
| Side effects, distribution in percentage | 3905 patients, 1267 side effects: 65% nodules, papules 20% erythema 13% bleeding, ecchymosis 2% others | 2675 patients, 801 side effects: 32% nodules, papules 23% edemas; swellings 18% erythema 16% bleeding, ecchymosis 8% pain 3% others |
| Rare (case reports) | multifocal abscesses Parotitis Loss of vision after arterial embolism | Necrosis of the treated area Tissue necrosis of the nostril Herpes zoster after augmentation |